Eye Care For every age

All You Need To Know About Eyes and Eye Care -- The Right to Sight!

The eyes may be the mirrors of the soul but they're also one of the most misunderstood parts of the body.

There are some common conditions in the eye which are called 'refractive errors' or simply put the errors which require the use of glasses or spectacles. The most common one amongst them is 'Myopia'.

Myopia: When the person needs to use glasses for seeing clearly for far vision and the errors are minus numbers on the prescription card eg. -2.00 D [Dioptres]

Hypermetropia: When the person needs to use glasses for seeing clearly for far vision but the spectacle errors are plus numbers eg. + 2.00 D.

Presbyopia: When the person needs glasses for near reading, such as reading books, etc. These are also plus numbers but different from the plus numbers of hypermetropia as these plus numbers come after the age of forty and are only necessary for near vision.

Astigmatism: When errors occur in a certain axis. These will read as numbers such as -0.75D @ 180 ? .They are also termed 'cylindrical errors'.

A person having myopia or hypermetropia before the age of 40 years will also get presbyopia after 40 years as this is an age related process which is inevitable.

Besides the above conditions which are mainly spectacle errors there are many conditions in the eye which need to be addressed depending on the age group

School Going Children
Two to four percent of India's children develop a squint [cross-eyed] and/or amblyopia [lazy eye]. Early detection and treatment of these disorders during childhood is essential for preventing permanent vision loss".

In many cases the child doesn't see well out of one eye, as there may be a refractive error [spectacle number] in just that one eye. Here the eyes do not work as a team to see. If your child's brain doesn't receive visual images from that eye, eventually the brain will "shut off" that eye and vision could be permanently impaired. This condition is often undetected because the child has learnt to read from the good eye. During an eye examination, where each eye is separately checked, one can diagnose this condition.

Examination of vision among pre-school and primary school-going children is very rarely practiced in India unless an obvious problem is noted. Often the problem is dealt with too late. It is possible to check the vision in children who cannot read alphabets. All children attending kindergarten must be checked at admission.

What to do to detect these common eye problems:

1. Basic eye examination for every newborn by the pediatrician.

2. First detailed eye examination for all children age of 6 months. Again at 2 years, and then annually. Screenings at school are designed to alert parents to the possibility of a visual problem, but not take the place of a visit to an eye doctor. One study found that 11.3 percent of children who passed a vision screening were found to have a vision problem in need of correction.

3. Detailed eye examination by a pediatric ophthalmologist in the presence of visual impairment.

4. Follow-up annual examination by a pediatric ophthalmologist is recommended to stay on top of your child's visual needs, as well as ensure that your child's prescription for eyeglasses is still correct. The visual system is developing along with your child, so annual prescription changes are common.

A higher risk of eye problems at an early age in today's times

"Many pediatric eye doctors believe that heavy computer use among children puts them at risk for early myopia [short sightedness]" The average child now spends one to three hours per day on the computer doing homework, talking online with friends, and playing games. Parents encourage children as young as two or three years old to use the computer. Several recent studies have evidence that computers can have a negative impact on a child's vision. They have found that 25% to 30% of computer-using children need corrective eyewear to work comfortably and safely at the computer at home or in school. See below in tips how to prevent Computer Vision Syndrome in children.

Tips on daily eye care for children:

1. Diet:

   A healthy diet with emphasis on green leafy vegetables, drumstick, carrots, beetroot, fresh fruits including mango and papaya are particularly rich in Vitamin A.

2. Lighting:

   Light source should be positioned behind your child while reading. Avoid direct glare by using shielded light. Reading material should ideally be placed 12- 14 inches away.

3. VDU's or Visual display

   units include TVs and computer screens. Headaches, eyestrain, burning, watering, blurring of vision, double vision and nausea can all be caused by prolong work on the VDUs.

4. Avoid watching TV

   in a dark room. A well-lit room with white light [tubelight] is ideal. Preferred viewing distance for watching TV is 4 metres or more.

5. Place the computer screen at eye level

   or slightly lower and in such a way to minimize reflection and glare. The recommended distance between the monitor and the eye for children is 18-28 inches. By viewing the computer screen closer than 18 inches, children risk straining their eyes. Parents and teachers should be aware of any behaviour that indicates potential problems, such as eye redness, frequent rubbing of the eyes, head turns and other unusual postures, or complaints of blurriness or eye fatigue. Avoidance of the computer may also be an indication of discomfort. Do not let the child sit for more than 40 minutes continuously in front of a computer monitor.

6. Swimming:

   Water tight swimming goggles prevents irritation due to chlorine and reduces the chances of infection.

7. Sports:

   If your child is involved in ball games and /or contact sports protective eye wear made of polycarbonate is recommended.

8. UV light:

   Exposure to sunlight is healthy in moderation and helps in the making if Vitamin D by the body. Too much exposure to bright sunlight is harmful and can cause damage. Wide brimmed hats and UV filtering sunglasses provide adequate protection.

9. Application of 'kajal'

   to newborns, washing the eyes with normal water, rose water etc is an absolute NO-NO. The normal circulation of tears is enough to adequately cleanse the eye of any extraneous material.

The gift of vision is very precious. Give your child the best start in life by visiting your eye doctor today.

Common Myths in Kids

1. Myth:

   Squint in a child should wait till they grow up.
   Generally speaking squints in children should be corrected before age 9 years. This is because later though a cosmetic treatment may be possible, the child after 9 years of age will continue to have a poorly developed vision from lazy eyes due to squint.

2. Myth:

   'Children do not need eye examinations until they are in school'
   False: It is recommended that every child's eyes be examined regularly starting at birth. Some eye problems such as crossed eyes or amblyopia (lazy eye) can result in permanent loss of sight in the affected eye if not detected and treated before the child is five or six years old.

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Care Of Eyes During Examinations

FOR STUDENTS

The most important reason why most students come to us is headaches and eye strain. This could be because of a probable spectacle number. But most of the times these symptoms are aggravated during school or college examinations.

Care of Eyes during Examinations
If your eyes water, eyelids twitch, and part of your forehead around your eyebrows seems to ache, you may be suffering from eyestrain. It's a common affliction that can occur after the eyes are taxed for a prolonged period - for example, after hours of close work. But you can reduce eyestrain by taking simple precautions.

Good lighting
Hold the reading material about 30 to 40 centimetres away from your eyes. Ensure you have adequate soft light coming from a source behind or beside your left shoulder [to avoid a shadow] -use a lamp with a 60-watt bulb. Good lighting does make reading easier and prevents eye fatigue. Use a tubelight if it's for general room lighting and a bulb for a table lamp.

Periods of rest
Take a break every half an hour or so by looking at distant objects for three or four minutes. Rest usually alleviates eyestrain.

Proper posture
Do not read while lying down, as it will strain the muscles of your eyes, neck and back. While sitting and reading don't slouch and make sure that you sit in a comfortable chair with good low back support. Headaches, neck aches, backaches and muscle spasms result from holding the body in awkward positions in trying to maintain a desirable angle between eyes and the book.

Good nutrition and hydration

Eat a healthy diet with emphasis on fresh vegetables and fruits, whole grains, beans, seeds, and nuts. The nutrients that they provide are important for overall as well as eye health. For non-vegetarians, add eggs and fish. Avoid addictive sweets, sodas, cookies and junk food, which is a prescription for disaster not just for eyesight but overall health. Staying with a mostly vegetarian diet of unprocessed, natural foods will help preserve the circulation to the retina, the rods and cones, and the lens.

Wear the correct spectacle number and do not read for long time with contact lenses.
If you have a refractive error or need spectacles, then wearing the correct prescription reduces eyestrain, which would have otherwise impeded your work. Contact lenses are meant to float on the tear film of your eyes. When we do near focus work such as on the computer, we tend to blink less than normal and this dries up our tear film. The contact lens then sticks on the eye and also causes contact-lens-induced allergies. If we wear contact lenses and read for a long time, then we are only worsening the situation. Try and avoid contact lenses while studying, spectacles are a better option.

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Common Eye Problems Amongst Older College Students

Common Eye Problems Amongst Older College Students
Also seen in those professions requiring long hours of computer use

Dry Eye A collection of symptoms that make up an eye condition due to imbalance in the quantity or quality of tears. What you may feel is gritty eyes, pricking or burning sensation, irritation or a feeling of a foreign body in the eyes. What you need to do is avoid contact lens wear, use a lubricating eye drop and reduce the time of work on computers. Draught from a fan or air conditioner directed on the face could worsen the symptoms.

Computer Vision Syndrome

It is common for computer users to have dry eyes. This is because we don't blink much and we keep our eyes wide open when working at the computer, resulting in drying up of the tear film. Many reasons can result in this condition.

• Poor position in relation to the computer.
• Lighting that produces glare or reflections, fuzzy images or images that are too dim or too bright;
• Failure to blink often enough to moisten the surface of the eyes;
• Use of glasses that are inappropriate for the user's position and distance from the screen;
• Minor visual defects such as astigmatism that might go unnoticed unless intense computer use exaggerates them.

The following steps can help alleviate your symptoms:

• Lower your computer screen so that the center of the screen is 4-8 inches below your eye level and at a viewing distance of 20-28 inches.
• Use artificial tears as recommended by your doctor to re-wet and lubricate your eyes.
• If you are seated in a draught or near an air vent, try to change your seating or position and direct the draught away from your eyes.
• Low humidity or fumes aggravate a dry eye condition.
• Concentrate on blinking whenever you begin to sense symptoms of dry or irritated eyes.
• Take frequent breaks. Follow the 20-20-20 rule. This simply means every 20 minutes, look away beyond 20 feet and blink 20 times.

Red Eye - Typically caused by:

• Fatigue and eye strain- reading in poor light, lack of sleep
• Poor Contact Lens Hygiene/ Contact lens allergies
• Infections- conjunctivitis- bacterial (infections) or allergic (eg. Dust).

If you suffer prolonged discomfort or notice a marked change in your vision, you should immediately have an eye examination.

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Computer Vision Syndrome

Computer Vision Syndrome

Many Hours at Your Computer Will Worsen Your Vision - - Unless You Know These Secrets

Computers are now a way of life, something that you cannot do without. As the number of people working on computers continues to grow each year, the number of people encountering temporary vision problems due to computer use also increases. Computers do not harm your eyes, but often cause temporary problems.

Human eyes were meant for hunting and farming and even I we have moved far ahead with technology, our bodies still have to catch up on the metamorphosis from far work to fixed close work. When you look in the distance, your eyes are relatively relaxed and at rest. But while doing near work, such as reading your computer screen, muscles in your eyes have to work harder to keep a clean near focus. These muscles get tired after extended use, resulting in eyestrain, neck pain, blurry near vision, headaches or difficulty changing focus. Dry eyes can also occur because we tend to blink less as we concentrate on our computer screen and keep our eyes wide open when working at the computer, resulting in drying up of the tear film.

Squinting while looking at a computer screen is not only uncomfortable, it can lead to dry eye. This is because squinting causes people to blink less often, and the less you blinked, the more you experience aches, burning and sensations of dryness, irritation and tearing in your eyes.

In fact, squinting even cuts your blink rates in half -- from 15 blinks a minute to 7.5 blinks a minute. Only four blinks per minute.

Many reasons can result in this condition:

• Poor position in relation to the computer.
• Lighting that produces glare or reflections, fuzzy images or images that are too dim or too bright;
• Failure to blink often enough to moisten the surface of the eyes;
• Use of glasses that are inappropriate for the user's position and distance from the screen;
• Minor visual defects such as astigmatism that might go unnoticed unless intense computer use exaggerates them.

The following steps can help alleviate your symptoms:

• Lower your computer screen so that the centre of the screen is 4-8 inches below your eye level and at a viewing distance of 20-28 inches.
• Use a document holder placed next to your computer screen. It should be close enough so you don't have to swing your head back and forth or constantly change your eye focus.
• Change your lighting to lower glare and harsh reflections. Glare filters over your computer screen can also help.
• If you are seated in a draught or near an air vent, try to change your seating or position and direct the draught away from your eyes.
• Low humidity or fumes aggravate a dry eye condition.
• Concentrate on blinking whenever you begin to sense symptoms of dry or irritated eyes.
• Take frequent breaks. Follow the 20-20-20 rule. This simply means every 20 minutes, look away beyond 20 feet and blink 20 times.
• Use artificial tears as recommended by your doctor to re-wet and lubricate your eyes.

While complaints of eye fatigue and discomfort are common among computer users, these symptoms are not caused by the computer screen itself. Computer screens give off little or no harmful radiation (such as x-rays or UV rays). All levels of radiation from computer screens are below levels that can cause eye damage such as cataracts. Fatigue, dry eyes, bad lighting, or how you sit in front of the computer can cause eyestrain. Symptoms of eyestrain include sore or irritated eyes and difficulty focusing. You may also have symptoms of eyestrain if you need glasses or a change in your glasses.

Talk to your ophthalmologist if you suffer from any of these symptoms as you may benefit from a simple prescription.

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Conjunctivitis & Summer

Summer Woes: The Red Eye
Don't let those dark glasses fool you?read on to learn more

Summer is India's hottest season. This season starts in March with daytime's temperatures exceeding 30?C. When things begin to heat up many suffer from itching, burning, and watering of the eyes. This 'red eye' can either be due to allergens, called 'allergic conjunctivitis', or due to infections- 'infectious conjunctivitis'.

Conjunctivitis - is an inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye. A clear, thin membrane called the conjunctiva covers your eyeball and the inside of your eyelids. If something irritates this covering, your eyes may become red and swollen. Your eyes also may itch or even hurt, and they may water.

Causes
Some common allergens include pollen from trees and grass, weed pollens and moulds; animal skin, fur and secretions such as saliva; perfumes and cosmetics and eye make up; skin medicines; air pollution and smoke. Grass pollens tend to cause symptoms in early summer. Various other pollens and moulds may cause symptoms later in the summer. In our city construction dust is a major cause of allergic conjunctivitis. The perennial form persists throughout the year and is usually triggered by dust mites. In some cases, use of mosquito-repellant liquids used in a closed room throughout the night can cause allergies and puffy eyelids.

Other causes of conjunctivitis are viral and bacterial infections.

Another form of conjunctivitis is Giant papillary conjunctivitis.
It occurs in some people who have a 'foreign body' on the eye - most commonly a contact lens. The exact cause of the inflammation is not known - it is possibly an allergic reaction to 'debris' on a contact lens or to poor lens hygiene. About 1 in 100 contact lens wearers develop this type of conjunctivitis.

What are the symptoms of conjunctivitis?

• The eyes are usually itchy, and the whites of the eyes look red or pink.
• A burning feeling may occur and it may be painful.
• The eyelids tend to swell.
• The eyes can water as in allergic conjunctivitis or become 'gluey' as in infective conjunctivitis.
• Vision is not usually affected.
• In severe cases the conjunctiva under the upper eyelids may swell and look lumpy.

Will conjunctivitis damage my eyesight?

Allergic conjunctivitis is irritating and uncomfortable, but it will not hurt your eyesight unless very severe. Infectious conjunctivitis however needs urgent attention as the symptoms can worsen and become difficult to treat.

Can I wear my contact lenses?
It's not a good idea to wear contacts while you have conjunctivitis. Instead, wear your glasses until your eyes feel better.

What can I do to avoid getting the above symptoms?

• It is a myth if you think that by staring into a red eye you will get one yourself!
• It is also a myth that a person wearing dark glasses when he/she has a red eye is enough protection from spreading the condition!
• When one person rubs the eyes, the germs get on the hands. From there, they spread to someone else's hands while sharing things such as doorknobs, towels etc. Hence the most important precaution whenever you are outdoors is never to rub your eyes since your hands have been all over the place! Wash your hands frequently, even a hand sanitizer will do.

Try to identify and avoid the allergens that cause your symptoms. For example, if you are allergic to pollen or mould, stay indoors when pollen and mould levels are high. Close windows, wear 'wrap around' sunglasses when out and use an air conditioner during the summer months.

What you can do when you have conjunctivitis to prevent spreading it?

• Conjunctivitis can also spread from one eye to the other, especially when you rub your eyes.
• Hence good hygiene of hands and face is important.
• There should be no sharing of face towels, especially if someone has conjunctivitis. People who suffer from conjunctivitis should have a special towel that only they use.
• Pus and crust should be removed by bathing the eye with lukewarm salt water that can also lessen the symptoms.
• Use disposable tissues when you dry the eyes and throw them away after use. This will limit the contamination.
• Dispose of any antibiotic eye drops after the treatment is over.

The person suffering from infective conjunctivitis must refrain from rubbing the eyes. If the urge to itch is strong, first the hands must be washed, then the eyes cleaned and the hands washed again with soap. It is important not to share soaps, towels etc.

Treatment

• Bathing the eyes with a cloth soaked in cold water soothes the eyes.
• Depending on the type of conjunctivitis, eye drops that reduce inflammation and treat infection [antibiotic] are prescribed by your eye doctor.
• Steroid eye drops are rarely needed or used. Steroids are good at reducing inflammation. However, they should only be used under the supervision of an eye specialist as infection and other causes of conjunctivitis need to be definitely ruled out. Steroids can make some other eye conditions worse.
• Antihistamine tablets. You can take these in addition to the eye drops to ease the general symptoms of allergies.
• In general, do not wear contact lenses until symptoms have gone, and for 24 hours after the last dose of any eye drop or ointment.
• Lubricating eye drops (called artificial tears) may also make your eyes feel better. You can buy these drops without a prescription.

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Contact Lens Use And Misuse

Contact Lens -- Use and Misuse

The disposable contact lens has joined other commodities as a personal care item with a very short life. But don't think disposable contact lenses (or any other type) are free of troubles and maintenance just because they're so convenient. Any lens can become contaminated and cause severe infections and damage delicate areas.

Here are some Do’s and Don’ts with contact lenses.

Do not sleep with contact lenses in.
Even if you have contact lenses that are labelled ‘extended wear’ it doesn't mean you should leave them on through the night. The reason: Continuously worn contacts rub away the cornea (the covering of the eyeball). This causes tiny abrasions that invite infection and may lead to vision loss. Also, covering the cornea for extended period blocks out oxygen which provide an ideal breeding ground for harmful bacteria.

Do clean the contact lenses with every use.
Whenever you take out your lenses, they must be cleaned well as per the instructions. If you wear the disposable kind, be sure to throw them away at the time prescribed and not stretch it out to cut costs.

Do clean the lens case, too.
Scrub the case with hot water with a toothbrush that's used only for that purpose.

Do not use homemade saline solutions.
Use a fresh solution each day, and use only commercial contact lens preparations. That's because homemade salt solutions might harbour bacteria that can scar the cornea and cause partial or complete blindness. And since tap water and mineral water are not sterile, they may harbour infection-causing impurities.

Do one lens-care regimen.

A disinfecting/cleaning regimen is always specified for your lens type and that shouldn't be changed. Whatever the recommended procedure, be sure to stick with it and not cut corners!

Do not wet your lenses with saliva even in emergencies.
Saliva is teeming with bacteria. If you give your lenses a spit bath, you might as well rub your lenses on the floor!!

Do remove the makeup first, lenses second.
Use water-based, not oil-based, cosmetics, and apply makeup and hair spray before you put in your lenses. Around the eyes, use water-resistant mascara and apply to lash tips only.

Do not wear your lenses while swimming.
The risk of wearing hard lenses in a pool or tub is that they may float out if your eyes get wet. With soft lenses, impurities in the water might be absorbed, which could cause infection, so if you need to see underwater, get goggles.

Do remove your contacts if your eyes turn red.
Do not take your eyes for granted and abuse them! If your eyes become irritated, remove your contacts. If the irritation doesn't go away after two to three hours, contact your eye doctor.

Tears, discharge, redness around the eyes and a change in vision are all indications of eye allergy or infection.

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Dry Eye : Non Invasive Machine To Diagnose Dry Eyes

When your eyes are red and scratchy, it could be, they’re dry. The right treatment is important.

While most dry eyes are not severe, some can be. Any eye irritation is a warning sign that something has changed in the normal functioning of your eye, and it needs proper attention. Not all eye drops are the same. Make sure you contact your ophthalmologist if discomfort persists.

What is dry eye?

Dry eye is a condition when your eyes either produce too few tears, or produce tears that are weak in the ingredients that lubricate and protect the surface of your eye.

Why are tears important?

Tears are one of the body’s natural defense mechanisms. They are produced by glands around the eye, and released to coat, protect and nourish the surface of the eye.

What cause dry eye?

Age: The most common reason for dry eye is aging because both the tear flow rate and effectiveness of your tear film decrease with age. By age 40, you have about half the tear production you had at age 10. Lastly, these days most common reason is Lasik or i lasik , refractive surgeries to remove glasses

Environment: Many factors in your surroundings can also lead to Dry Eye such as:

1.Staring at computer terminals or television screens
2.Air conditioning or heat in homes and offices.
3.Air pollution.
4.Driving over long distances.
5.Extremes in humidity.

Contact lenses: Dry eye symptoms are experienced by many contact lens wearers around about 25-32%. This is mainly because soft contact lenses are “hydrophilic”, i.e. they attract fluids and float on top of the tear film. If not enough tear film is produced; irritation and redness may result from the contact lenses rubbing against the surface of the eyes.

Other factors: Certain medications taken for eye disorders or other conditions can cause Dry Eye if they affect the glands (lacrimation glands) around the eye.

Dry eyes often occur in patients suffering from arthritis. Dry eyes are common with women, especially during menopause or pregnancy.

Lastly, these days most common reason is Lasik or i lasik , refractive surgeries to remove glasses

What are typical symptoms?

Dry eye symptoms include one or more of the following :

• Dryness Burning
• Grittiness
• Scratchiness
• Watery Eyes Tiredness
• Feeling of "something's in eye"
• Sensitivity to light.

Is there a cure for Dry Eyes?

If you are suffering from dry eyes or other eye discomforts, you should obtain a complete eye examination from your ophthalmologist. If left untreated Dry eye can lead to other more serious conditions including corneal ulcers, infections and conjunctivitis. There is no cure for this condition. If Dry Eye is cause by environmental or occupational factors, i.e. staring at computers computer vision syndrome or being exposed to hot air, you could help your Dry Eye condition by simply reducing or eliminating the cause. In most cases, i.e. age or disease related, the condition is chronic and must be constantly treated. It is therefore important in all cases to follow your practitioner’s recommendation.

How Do Tear Substitutes Help?

The first line of treatment and relief for Dry Eye is the use of Tear Substitutes solutions. These solutions supplement natural human tears and provide a substitute coating to protect and nourish the surface of the eye. Ointments are also effective, but are usually applied only at bedtime due to blurring of vision. Tear as frequently as needed.

Latest machine (NON INVASIVE) for DRY EYES [First time in Asia]

Special non-invasive diagnostic instrument available only at G.G.S.I.EYE RESEARCH & CURE CENTRE which can detect the dry eyes in 5 secs which is never picked up other dry eye tests, it is very useful in early treating & diagnosing dry eye.

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Dry Eyes What Is It ?

Human eye is one of the most important vital sense organs of the body. Just close your eyes and imagine how life would be without proper eyesight. Well everything would come to a standstill. The front part of the eye contains a glass like structure called the cornea that allows light to enter the eye and get focussed on the light sensitive layer of the eye ie the retina. Any factor that affects the health of the cornea leads to degradation of its clarity and thereby directly affects the quality of vision.

The health of the ocular surface is maintained by the tear film, normal functioning eyelids, and healthy population of corneal stem cells. The tear glands continuously produce a watery secretion that moistens and lubricates the ocular surface, allowing smooth movement of the eyelids and the eyeball. The tear film also washes away any debris that accumulates on the surface of the eye, and provides a smooth refracting surface of the cornea. Any deficiency of a stable tear film, directly affects the quality of vision, besides producing a variety of symptoms. These range from dryness, burning sensation, irritation, foreign body sensation, itching, and redness etc.

I am sure as you read this article, you will recall experiencing some of these symptoms in the past. Well with the advent of 24 hours television channels, and usage of computers in day to day work, dry eye syndrome has become quite common, and is often referred to as ?Computer Vision Syndrome?. While watching television or working long hours on computer, people tend to blink less frequently. This leads to drying of the ocular surface in between blinks, making the surface rough, with resultant symptoms of irritation and burning etc. Moreover sitting in an air conditioned environment leads to faster evaporation and drying of the eyes. Hence it is important to realize this and consciously blink more frequently, or take a break after an hour, and keep the eyes closed to allow the surface to recover.

Dry eye condition, also leads to poor lid hygiene, due to which there may be recurrent episodes of lid margin infections, painful boils in the eye lids. These often tend to recur if the dry eye condition is not properly treated. But it is extremely important to remember that all dry eyes may not be a result of infrequent blinking....

There may be an actual reduction in tear production, leading to all the symptoms described earlier. A proper assessment of the ocular surface status by a well trained corneal surgeon is essential to diagnose the exact etiology, and then provide correct treatment to resolve the same.

Frequently dry eye symptoms may be the first indicator of systemic connective tissue disorders or rheumatoid arthritis, so it is important that your corneal surgeon does a proper evaluation to rule out the same. The routine ophthalmologist (eye specialist), may not be able to assess the surface changes in a detailed manner, as compared to a well trained corneal surgeon.

At the cornea clinic ? Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, a detailed history is recorded, followed by clinical tests in a logical sequence, to assess the correct etiology, and severity of the surface damage secondary to dry eye condition. Proper counselling of the patient is done, following which appropriate dry eye therapy is started. Follow up visits are essential to assess the extent of recovery of the health of the ocular surface. Patients often tend to skip these visits as they get symptomatically better with the medications. Due to this, often it leads to inadequate treatment, and recurrence of symptoms after some time.

Newer medications, such as ?Restasis? can help reduce surface inflammation and improve surface sensitivity, which tends to improve tear secretion. This is essential to restore the health of the ocular surface and reduce patient symptoms, and dependence on artificial tear drops.

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Eye Problems Amongst Older People

Eye Problems amongst Older People

The commonest eye problems which we see are decrease in vision due to cataract or a retinal condition like retinopathy due to uncontrolled diabetes or hypertension or age related macular degeneration. Some often complain of flashes and floaters.

Risk factors for eye diseases

• Smoking - increases the risk of cataract and macular degeneration by more than 3 times
• Alcohol - More than 1 alcoholic drink per day can increase cataract risk
• Bright UV light / not using sunglasses - increases the risk of cataract and macular degeneration
• High Blood pressure and cholesterol - increases the risk of macular degeneration
• Lack of protective eyewear - risk of eye injury and loss of sight

Flashes and Floaters

Floaters appear as grey or black specks, lines, or "cobwebs", worms, rings or dots in front of the eyes. As the eyes move, the floaters move too. They do not follow your eye movements precisely, as they usually drift when the eyes start or stop moving. Floaters are caused by clumping of pre-existing vitreous fibers in the eye or bits of material suspended in the vitreous jelly that fills the back of the eye.

Flashes are sensations of light, when no light is really there. They may appear as many tiny bright lights (like "sparklers") or like flashes of lightning. Flashes occur when the vitreous jelly pulls on or tears the retina. These flashes usually last for only a second or so, but typically occur repeatedly. They may be more obvious with eye movement or in a dark room.

Some people with migraine headaches may experience a different type of flash. These are usually shimmering, jagged lights that are present constantly for a period of ten-fifteen minutes or so. They typically appear in the center of your field of vision, and progress slowly towards the edges of the visual field. A headache that is commonly throbbing, and on one side of the head, may follow the disappearance of the flashes.

Many people have floaters. This happens in over 70% of the population as part of the normal aging process. Floaters that you have had for years, and that show little change, are usually not serious. It is the sudden onset of one or more new floaters that may be serious. The onset of flashes may also be serious.

Anyone with flashes or the sudden onset of a new floater (or floaters) needs a dilated fundus examination (looking at the vitreous and retina with specialized equipment after putting drops to enlarge the pupils).

Myths

Flashes and floaters cause total blindness
The Answer is - No, Floaters cause only a slight blockage of the vision at worst and are usually not detectable by visual testing unless they are very severe.
Importantly, floaters can be related to retinal detachment or a variety of vascular conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, while flashes can be related to retinal tears (breaks) or detachment. These can result in blindness if not treated.

If one eye develops flashes or floaters the other will develop them as well
It is very common for the same condition to occur in the second eye. For this reason, and because flashes and floaters are sometimes caused by retinal breaks, both eyes should have a dilated fundus exam as soon as possible when flashes or floaters develop in either eye.

CATARACT:

Cataract is the most prevalent age-related eye disease in the world, and according to the World Health Organization, the leading cause of reversible blindness. There are currently close to 10 million Indians age 40 and older with cataract.

A cataract is a condition wherein the otherwise clear nature of the human lens becomes opaque. Surgery should be considered when the cataract causes enough visual disturbances to interfere with daily activities, such as job requirements, safe driving and household activities. Based on these needs and examination findings, the patient and the ophthalmologist should decide together when surgery is appropriate.

It is not true that cataracts need to be 'ripe' before they can be removed. In fact advances in the field of cataract surgery have made it easier to remove an immature cataract than a mature ['ripe'] cataract.

Common misconceptions cleared:

• Cataract is not a film over the surface of the eye
• It is not caused by overusing the eyes
• Not infectious [will not spread from one eye to the other], nor a cancer
• Not a cause of irreversible blindness

Myths

Cataract can be prevented by taking drugs!

As per todays scientific knowledge the cataract coming with age cannot be prevented by any drugs.

Cataract Surgery is Done with Lasers
The Answer is - Never, Lay men talk of the word 'laser' actually refers to the latest technique called phacoemulsification. No actual laser is used. The surgeries now are stitchless, very quick and with speedy recovery. Due to this short, stitch less procedure, cataract removal is often a misnomer as a laser procedure.

A cataract must be ripe before it can be removed.
With modern cataract surgery, a cataract does not have to ripen before it is removed. When a cataract keeps you from doing the things you like or need to do, consider having it removed.
In fact the phacoemulsification surgery as well as the post- operative period is much easier for the patient and surgeon.

GLAUCOMA

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world, especially for older people. However visual loss is preventable or stabilized with early diagnosis and treatment.

Glaucoma is a condition of the eye where the optic nerve is damaged. The optic nerve carries images to the brain, which are then perceived as vision. Minute nerve fibres from various parts of the retina join to form the optic nerve. Glaucoma results when the pressure within the eye is high enough to be detrimental to the normal functioning of these nerve fibres, some of which stop functioning. Non-functional nerve fibres result in a loss of retinal function in the area from where they originate, leading to defects in the field of vision.

The disease is called the `sneak thief of sight? because it is painless, symptomless and irreversible. Therefore, the person with glaucoma is usually unaware of it until much loss of vision has occurred. In fact, half of those suffering damage from glaucoma do not know it. Currently, damage from glaucoma cannot be reversed and if the entire nerve is damaged, blindness results. Early detection and regular treatment are the keys to preventing optic nerve damage and blindness from glaucoma.

Myth
Glaucoma can happen to you only if someone in the family has it.
The Answer is - False, Glaucoma though seen as a hereditary trait can also occur in sporadic cases, those on long term steroid use

Anti-Glaucoma Diet?
It cannot be cured by a special diet. This disorder is characterized by increased pressure in the eyeball and can lead to blindness. One important thing to remember is not to drink a lot of fluids in one go if you have Glaucoma

Glaucoma is blinding in all cases!
In modern ophthalmology glaucomas are nearly always prevented from losing vision by using the appropriate drugs or surgery and regular follow ups with eye care professionals. Hence a regular eye examination is a must.

DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

Diabetes mellitus is a condition which affects millions of Indians. It impairs the body's ability to use and store sugar. Elevated blood sugar levels and excessive thirst and urination are the indicators of diabetes. It can affect vision by causing damage to the blood vessels of the retina, or a higher incidence of cataract and glaucoma. Changes are also seen in blood vessels all over the body

It is an advanced stage of the diabetic disease process in which the blood vessels in the retina are damaged and leak fluid or blood. The longer a person has diabetes, the more the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy. People with type I diabetes [diabetes since childhood] are more likely to develop diabetic retinopathy at a younger age.

The symptoms of diabetic retinopathy:
Early diabetic retinopathy usually has no symptoms. Gradual blurring of vision may occur if fluid leaks in the central part of the retina [the macula]. In late diabetic retinopathy [proliferative stage], new abnormal blood vessels begin growing on the surface of the retina or the optic nerve. These vessels have weak walls and leak blood out into the retina and vitreous [jelly that fills most of the eye]. Presence of blood in the path of light entering the eye blocks vision.

Myth
Diabetic patients do not need an eye checkup till they have visual symptoms !
Diabetic patients must have an annual eye checkup. This can help detect early involvement of the eyes. At that stage a rigorous control of diabetes and preventive actions such as laser photocoagulation of the retina might help to prevent severe visual loss later.

AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
The macula is a small area at the center of the retina that allows us to see fine details such as central vision, activities such as reading and writing and appreciating colour vision.
Sometimes the delicate cells of the macula are damaged and stop functioning. The exact cause is not known although it tends to happen as people get older. This is called age-related macular degeneration. The most common types of macular degeneration are the dry [atrophic] and the wet [exudative].

The dry type is caused by aging and thinning of the tissues of the macula. The wet type results from the formation of abnormal blood vessels under the macula which leak fluid or blood and blur the central vision. Children and young people can also suffer from an inherited form of macular degeneration called macular dystrophy, which can sometimes affect several members from the same family

Some Helpful Tips for older people

1. Eat a balanced diet, including fresh fruits and vegetables, Greens and fruits provide vitamins, minerals and antioxidants to boost your body's immune system.
2. Commit to Exercise regularly (check with a doctor before starting an exercise program). Go for the great outdoors. Nature rambles are good for fresh, oxygenated air. This improves blood circulation.
3. Get regular health check-ups and annual eye examination.

SOME COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS

"What can I do with nutrition to improve my vision"

• Start with a well balanced diet
• Add Exercise for Circulation
• Ultraviolet protection
• Supplements that help the eyes like Selenium, Vitamin A

Care of eyes during examinations-

• Good lighting
• Taking breaks or periods of rest
• Proper posture
• Good nutrition and hydration

Food for the Eyes?

Some people believe poor eyesight can be corrected by following certain diets or taking vitamin supplements. This is true only if your problem is caused by a vitamin deficiency. Vitamin A, for instance, is needed for night vision. People who lack this vitamin - which is found in dark green leafy and yellow vegetables and fruits - can't see well in dim light because of night blindness. This is a common problem in developing countries like the Philippines.
But gorging on carrots and other sources of vitamin A won't spare you the trouble of wearing eyeglasses if you need them later. Rather than help you, too much vitamin A can cause blurred vision, itchy skin, loss of appetite, hair loss, joint pains and irregular menstruation.
Poor eyesight, which is helped by wearing eyeglasses, has nothing to do with nutrition. Only if you are short of vitamin A, then carrots would enable you to see better in dim light.

Dim Fears

Will reading in dim light harm your eyes? Of course not! This is another myth that refuses to die.
Reading in the dark, in a moving car or in bed won't damage your eyes. The worst you can expect is a headache or nausea. This comes from strained muscles which have to work harder since you're reading in an awkward position.

All Red Eyes are Infections and wearing dark glasses prevent its transmission to others.
It has been our experience in our hospital that most red eyes are due to allergies. However transmitting infection does not take place by looking or staring at the red eyes, but by hand to eye spread.

It is good for the eyes to look directly at the sun.
False. Ultra-violet light is harmful to your eyes, damaging the cornea, lens and retina. Also, never watch welding without wearing the proper protection. Never look directly at an eclipse.

You do not need to have your eyes checked until you are in your 40s or 50s.
There are several asymptomatic, yet treatable, eye diseases (most notably glaucoma) that can begin prior to your 40s.

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I Believe Eye Can Fly!!

I Believe Eye Can Fly!!

How airplane travel can affect your EYES and Tips on avoiding problems

Temperatures are warming up across the country and before you know it, it'll be time for summer vacation again. As soon as school lets out for the summer, Indians are expected to start heading to the airports in record numbers; but unless you plan ahead especially being health wise, you may run into some unexpected and unpleasant surprises.

The dry air in the cabins of modern jets causes rapid evaporation of tears from the eyes surface. Without sufficient moisture the cornea, which is the transparent "watchglass" that lies over the iris (coloured part of the eye) can be deprived of oxygen and cause your eyes to become irritated.

Symptoms

• Redness
• Scratchy feeling in the eyes
• Vision can get blurred

What makes symptoms worse?

Reading on the plane adds to the problem because you tend to blink less frequently when you read, leading to more evaporation of moisture from the eyes.

Wearing your contact lenses during a long flight can result in symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe pain. This problem can occur with all types of contact lenses: hard, soft, gas permeable, or extended-wear.
When contact lenses are worn, oxygen reaches the cornea either through the lenses or dissolved in tears that flow under the lenses. The dry air in the cabin also evaporates the water from the contact lenses

Hence, if you are a contact lens wearer, it is better to wear spectacles in flight.

How can you avoid problems?
It is a good idea to put moisture-containing eye drops in your eyes during a flight as often as you feel they are necessary. The drops may be artificial tears or the lens lubricant or saline solution that you use.
Airline personnel who wear contacts and have discomfort should always use these drops routinely.

It may be wiser to remove the contacts and wear your eyeglasses when flying.

SNOW CAN BE BLINDING
If you are escaping the summer heat and heading towards a snowy region, there is extra care you have to take as far as eyes go! We've all heard the expression "a blinding snowstorm". Though that refers to whiteout conditions where visibility is reduced, make no mistake, the snow can be blinding too. Bright sun reflecting on a blanket of fresh white snow can reflect damaging rays into unprotected eyes. The casualty may not be aware of the damage at the time - not feeling the effects for up to several hours.

Symptoms of snow blindness:

• Sensitivity to light
• Pain in the eyes or forehead
• Gritty feeling in the eyes

Precaution:
Use good ultra violet protected eyewear.

Other Eye Care Tips

• Carry a spare pair of spectacles especially if you have high numbers.
• Carrying your spectacle prescription may also be handy.
• Most airports are equipped reading glasses for those above forty; also available are contact lens cases and solutions.
• Speak to your eye doctor to prescribe you a simple and safe antibiotic eye drop in case of red eyes due to infection.
• Avoid putting spectacles in pockets, as is commonly a habit, carry a pouch instead for safekeeping.

Other Health Tips While Travelling

• Drink plenty of non-alcoholic, non-caffeinated beverages. A glass of water every hour is good.
• Put a pillow behind the small of your back to avoid backaches.
• Take an occasional stroll around the cabin. This is especially for those who are overweight or have high-risk conditions such as high blood pressure. By moving around you will decrease the risk of deep venous thrombosis, which in simple terms is blood clotting in the lower limbs.
• Bring a sweater, shawl or jacket - airplane cabins are usually cool.
• Use lip-balm, moisturiser and eye-drops/contact lens lubricant to combat the effects of cabin dryness.
• The relatively low air pressure in your aircraft can cause discomfort. If your ears bother you during takeoff and landing, try yawning, chewing gum or doing this: pinch your nostrils shut, inhale, close your mouth and try gently to blow your nose. Children should be encouraged to drink or suck on sweets.
• If you have a cold, the dry air will make your sinuses feel worse. If you are taking medications, carry them with you in the cabin. See your physician to rule out infection. Also, your fellow passengers will appreciate it because everyone is more susceptible to catching a cold in dry air than in moist due to the effect.
• Comprehensive travel insurance is one of the best investments you can make when planning a vacation. Let's face it; no one likes to spend money on insurance. But the consequences of not having travel insurance can be so significant as to warrant the inclusion of a good policy in every vacation you take

JET LAG
Solutions:

• Drink plenty of water. Don't drink too much alcohol, as it tends to dehydrate your body.
• Do stretching exercises in your seat to avoid cramped muscles.
• Walk around the cabin during your flight.
• Wear comfortable clothes and shoes.
• Be well rested before you leave.
• Make sure your pre-flight diet contains plenty of starch, carbohydrates and greens.
• Set your watch to your destination time as you take off. Then start programming your body to it.
• Allow a day for each time zone to get over the jet lag.

Medical option?
There is a drug called 'Melatonin' for jet lag problems. It helps to control the body's sleep/wake cycle. However, your physician should advise it.

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LASIK - Is It Safe For My Eyes ?

LASIK stands for LAser in SItu Keratomileusis, a procedure that painlessly reshapes the cornea to correct various refractive errors of the human eye. Millions of people have successfully undergone this treatment worldwide, since its introduction in the early 1990?s.

Cornea refers to the clear glass like structure in the front part of the eye. In myopia or short sightedness the light rays come to a focus in front of the retina, and in hyperopia or long sightedness the light rays come to a point focus behind the retina, and in astigmatism no single point focus is achieved. All these errors can be perfectly corrected using the laser beam to remove tissue from the cornea in a precise manner and altering its power, so as to allow the light rays to get focused on the retina. This results in perfect unaided vision and freedom from glasses.

But the key question still remains ? Doc , is this treatment safe for my eyes ??, what are the long term results ?, people say that the power comes back ? will I go blind after the treatment ? etc etc..

This is something that I hear from my patients wanting to undergo the LASIK procedure. I do not blame my patients for asking these questions, for there is enough negative information available on the internet to scare an individual from this wonderful procedure. The basic reason why this procedure is viewed with caution, is that 90% of the surgeons performing this procedure are not corneal surgeons, nor have had any basic formal training in corneal surgery. They just invest money in a laser machine and start performing treatments on anyone who comes to their clinic wearing glasses. Not everyone who wears glasses is a suitable candidate for LASIK treatment. In my practice (www.corneaclinic.com) almost 25% of the patients are rejected for this procedure as the cornea is not ideal for LASIK treatment. Either the corneal thickness is not sufficient, or there is some abnormality in the corneal shape that may affect the final outcome of LASIK treatment. This is what plays a key role in having satisfied patients following the LASIK procedure. Having performed over 5000 procedures till date, I am yet to have a patient who is unhappy with the LASIK procedure.

I think it is important for patients to realize that the most popular eye specialist, may not be the most ideal LASIK surgeon. As recommended by the FDA, USA patients should look at the experience of the surgeon with the laser treatment procedure, whether any formal training received, and also speak to others who have had treatment earlier at the same center. This is essential, as a corneal surgeon can detect abnormalities in corneal shape or contour preoperatively, handle the corneal tissue better intraoperatively, and in the unfortunate event of some unforeseen complication manage the situation better than a general ophthalmologist. I have had several instances, wherein the treating general ophthalmologist has referred patients with complications following LASIK for further management. All of these patients recovered good vision once the complication was managed successfully. But would it not have been better if these patients were under the care of a corneal surgeon to begin with ?

Decision for LASIK treatment should not be made by the treating doctor, but by the patient himself or herself. The doctor should provide enough information that would help the patient in deciding whether to go in for the treatment or not.

LASIK procedure gives excellent results if performed on the right patient, by a well trained experienced corneal surgeon. So if you are planning on LASIK treatment, do ask yourself?am I in safe hands ?

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LASIK Or Laser Eye Surgery

What you need to know about recent advances

In Laser Vision Correction [ LASIK] and why?

Imagine waking up and seeing clearly without having to reach for your glasses or contact lenses. Laser Assisted Stromal In-situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) is making this dream a reality for millions of people worldwide. LASIK is a method of re-shaping the external surface of the eye [the cornea] to correct low, moderate and high degrees of nearsightedness, astigmatism and far-sightedness.

Some of the common reasons why people undergo LASIK are because of contact lens intolerance, cosmetic reasons, social (marriage), tired of wearing glasses, and lifestyle activities that are inhibited due to glasses or lens wear such as outdoor sports like golf, football, water sports or hiking. Spectacles are cosmetically unappealing for some. There is a degree of distortion when looking through the periphery of the glasses, the field of vision is reduced and on leaving a cold room moisture can fog the glasses and blur vision for a few minutes. Hence glasses are unacceptable for certain careers such as the Army, Merchant Navy, Airlines, Air Force, Railways and professional sports. In respect to this, one of the pre requisites for such careers is good eyesight of 6/6. Contact lenses require repeated motivation with fastidious attention to hygiene during insertion and removal failing which sight-threatening infections may result. LASIK overcomes all these disadvantages hence; many consider this permanent method of correction of vision. It is therefore most important for our youth to understand where the safety and accuracy of these methods lie. Most youth go into the cost of LASIK, without understanding the details of technology and its advances especially in this field. Not all LASIK centres will be the same in this aspect primarily because not all have updated technology. This is one field where the doctor is not working on the eyes with his hands alone it is through technology! So, it is of utmost importance that one learns more on this procedure and the advances that it has made till date in order to make the correct informed decision.

LASIK is SAFE when performed on a suitable candidate with most of the new generation Excimer lasers. LASIK has been practiced in our country for the last 6 to 7 years and was started in Mumbai in 1995.

The latest advancement in the LASIK procedure is wavefront-guided or custom LASIK. Wavefront-guided LASIK compatible lasers use high-speed sensitive eye trackers to ensure perfectly accurate and well-centred treatments. Wavefront procedures very often leave patients with eyesight better than normal. These procedures have been developed not only to enhance visual acuity but also to improve on contrast sensitivity especially in dim light conditions. Wavefront-ready lasers are also far more refined in their laser beam profiles and eye-tracking capabilities.

Patient expectations have increased over the years and with the new amazingly accurate excimer lasers, so-called 'super vision' is becoming a reality. However, only a thorough examination by a LASIK specialist can evaluate whether or not you are medically suited for LASIK.

Dr Anand Shroff, who has been a pioneer in Wavefront technology in India, says, ? With Wavefront guided LASIK it has now become possible to treat a larger spectrum of patients. This procedure particularly helps to have clear vision in dim light, which would have otherwise been difficult with the older procedures.

It is very important to do a complete eye assessment and certain specialized tests to determine a patient?s suitability for LASIK with sophisticated instruments like the aberrometer, topography etc. The assessment helps the surgeon to understand the patient?s visual requirements and to develop a customized treatment plan. With this technology of the WaveLight Allegretto Eye Q 400 Hz, the newest generation Excimer laser, we can now offer the highest degree of accuracy and utmost safety.

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Permanent Treatment For Keratoconus

CORNEAL COLLAGEN CROSSLINKING WITH RIBOFLAVIN (C3R) for PERMANENT TREATMENT FOR KERATOCONUS, CORNEAL MELTING, IATROGENIC KERATECTASIA, EXTENDED PRK/EPI/LASEK, MARGINAL PELLUCID DEGENERATION, KERATOGLOBUS

The latest revolutionary Keratoconus treatment is C3R (Corneal Collagen Crosslinking with Riboflavin) available at G.G.S.I.Eye Research & Cure Centre , Delhi,India that has been proven to strengthen the weak corneal structure by increasing collagen crosslinking, which are the natural “anchors” within the cornea. These anchors are responsible for preventing the cornea from bulging out and becoming steep and irregular, consequence of advanced Keratoconus.

Keratoconus (ker-ah-to-ko’-nus) means to have a ‘coned-shaped cornea’. It is a relatively common and non-inflammatory progressive disorder whereby the normally round cornea becomes thin and irregularly conically shaped.

Symptoms

In its earliest stages, keratoconus can be difficult to detect as nearsightedness, sensitivity to light, astigmatism and blurred eyesight can occur with the illness. As keratoconus progresses, however, the cornea becomes more distorted and symptoms more apparent. These include:

* Blurred vision
* Distorted images, especially at distances
* Seeing halos of light around objects, especially at night
* Sensitivity to glare or light
* Disproportionate watering of the eyes


The Procedure

The C3R treatment is performed in just 20 TO 30 minutes. During the treatment, custom-made riboflavin eye drops are applied to the cornea, which is then activated by ultraviolet light.

The cornea which is the front transparent structure of the eye is first anaesthetized using drops. . The mucous surface of the cornea (epithelium) is disrupted and then Riboflavin, (Vitamin B2) drops are placed in the eye every few minutes. The yellow pigment of the Riboflavin absorbs the Ultraviolet A light , increases the amount of collagen cross-linking in the cornea and strengthen the cornea.. Once the procedure is completed, a soft bandage contact lens will be placed in the eye and antibiotics will be instilled. The contact lens will be removed in one or two days.

The cornea increases in rigidity soon after the procedure although the process of cross linking continues on for a period of a few days afterwards. The effect on corneal shape takes longer but flattening does not occur in all eyes that have had treatment. A satisfactory result will be arresting the progress of keratoconus.

C3R causes the collagen fibrils to thicken, stiffen, and crosslink & reattach to each other, making the cornea stronger and more stable & halting the progression of the disease

Is Ultraviolet light harmful ?
Ultraviolet A light used in this procedure is not harmful to the eye in measured doses. Ultraviolet C light (in sunlight) is potentially harmful. The Light emitting diodes used in the C3R device is of a wavelength that is not harmful. Furthermore, light emission is carefully measured and calibrated prior to each treatment. There is also a self diagnostic check on the device which prevents use in case of a malfunction. There have been concerns about toxicity to the retina (at the back of the eye) however the Riboflavin pigment in the cornea and front of the eye, absorbs the Ultraviolet light and in effect stops the light from being transmitted to the retina.

Adavantages of C3R

* Simple non invasive treatment
* Halts the progress and causes some regression
* No handling of lenses every day
* No stitches
* No incisions
* Quick recovery

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Presbyopia Surgery : Get Rid Of Reading Glasses

People wearing near vision glasses can read or write or pass thread through a needle hole without wearing glasses. It seems difficult for one to believe. The technique developed at G.G.S.I. Eye Research &Cure Centre claims so far no where in world such an eye surgery is performed.

Ques. What is Presbyopia ?
Ans. In simple words, it is a defect of accommodation which comes with age at 40 years.

Ques. What is accommodation?
Ans. This is the mechanism by which the natural lens of the eye adjusts it self to see objects at various distances. The adjustment is brought about by lens, zonules and ciliary body muscle of the eye.

Ques. Where lies the defect in presbyopia ?
Ans. All the three that is lens, zonules and ciliary body muscle contributes to it.

Ques. Who all develop this eye condition?
Ans. It generally people at the age of 40 or above start suffering from presbyopia or the deficiency of accommodation.

Ques. How much time it takes to perform new eye surgery for presbyopia?
Ans. It takes about 15 minutes to perform the surgery by which the deficiency of accommodation which in medical term is called as presbyopia, in the eye is corrected and the patient can does his work without using contact or conventional lenses.

Ques. After operation, does the glasses number returns
Ans. No.

Ques. Is this eye operation is safe?
Ans. The operation is 100% safe without any side effects and the patient is discharged the same day.

Ques. Is there any other means to correct presbyopia?
Ans. There are many ways to correct presbyopia ,like use of convex lenses, bifocal contact lenses, bifocal glasses, separate glasses for near & distance and multi focal glasses,conductive keratoplasty or multifocal intraocular lens implantation. But people suffer a lot of inconvenience in using above treatment.

But the new surgery of correcting the accommodation gives great relieve to the patient when he is saved from the botheration of using glasses.

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Reading Glasses ? Can I Get Rid Of Them ?

With aging, the natural lens inside the human eye gradually starts losing its elasticity. As a result of this change, the lens is unable to change its shape while focusing at near objects and it becomes progressively difficult to read small prints, read sms messages on mobile phone etc. This phenomenon is referred to as presbyopia, and usually starts around the age of forty, and affects all individuals. (Myopic individuals ie people using minus power lenses, may not experience this change as their far point of focus is situated close to the eye. Hence the tendency to read fine prints at near, without distance glasses) Presbyopic individuals have to strain to focus at near objects, and this often results in eye symptoms such as blurred vision, & eye pain, often associated with headache.

So how is presbyopia corrected.

Most commonly, reading glasses are prescribed, which can be used alone or in addition to the distance correction. Bifocal glasses have the upper segment correcting sight for distance vision, and the lower segment correcting for near vision. Progressive addition lenses, have gradual increase in power from the upper to lower segment of the glasses. Hence there is a gradual increase in power, which allows an individual to focus at all distances from distance to near, unlike bifocals wherein there are only two focal points ? distance and near. Computer users may require a reduced addition for near, for intermediate vision.

Monovision is a situation, wherein one eye is corrected for distance vision, and the fellow eye for near vision. However in this situation the binocular vision ie depth perception is affected hence not every individual is comfortable with this option of treatment for presbyopia. An initial trial with contact lens is usually attempted for monovision, and if an individual is comfortable with this situation, permanent correction can be attained using laser refractive surgery or conductive keratoplasty. However, these procedures need to be repeated over a period of time.

So is there a permanent solution to this condition?.
Well the answer is ?Yes?. Newer intraocular lens implants have been developed that when placed inside the eye, allow images to be focused both for distance and near allowing more functional vision. This is a permanent correction, wherein the natural lens that has lost its elasticity is replaced with a sophisticated intraocular lens implant to restore the function of the natural lens. This surgery is a day care procedure and takes only 10 -15 minutes to perform. One can return home the same day. Can I have this surgery even if I do not have cataract ? Well yes, you can. This surgery not only improves the ability to focus both at distance and near, it also improves the quality of vision, and contrast sensitivity. However it is slightly expensive compared to the intraocular lens implant used in routine cataract surgery. There are two companies that manufacture these lenses, one is called Restor from Alcon USA, and the other is called Technis Multifocal from AMO USA. The approximate cost of this surgery is 45 ? 50,000 rupees per eye.

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